What Causes Endometrial Cancer?
Endometrial cancer is the most common type of cancer of the female reproductive system. It occurs when cells in the endometrium, the lining of the uterus, become cancerous.
The exact cause of endometrial cancer is unknown, but there are a number of risk factors that can increase your chances of developing the disease. These risk factors include:
Age: Endometrial cancer is most common in women over the age of 50.
Obesity: Women who are overweight or obese have a higher risk of endometrial cancer.
Estrogen therapy: Women who take estrogen therapy for an extended period of time have a higher risk of endometrial cancer.
Tamoxifen therapy: Women who take ***, a drug used to treat breast cancer, have a higher risk of endometrial cancer.
Diabetes: Women with diabetes have a higher risk of endometrial cancer.
Hypertension: Women with hypertension have a higher risk of endometrial cancer.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Women with PCOS have a higher risk of endometrial cancer.
Family history of endometrial cancer: Women who have a family history of endometrial cancer have a higher risk of developing the disease.
How is endometrial cancer diagnosed?
Endometrial cancer is diagnosed through a biopsy, which is a procedure in which a small sample of tissue is removed from the endometrium and examined under a microscope. A biopsy can be done in a doctor's office or in a hospital.
What are the treatment options for endometrial cancer?
The treatment options for endometrial cancer depend on the stage of the disease. The stage of the disease is determined by the size of the tumor, whether it has spread to other parts of the body, and the grade of the tumor.
The treatment options for endometrial cancer include:
Surgery: Surgery is the most common treatment for endometrial cancer. The type of surgery that is performed depends on the stage of the disease.
Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy uses high-energy beams of radiation to kill cancer cells. Radiation therapy can be used before or after surgery.
Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy can be used before or after surgery.
Targeted therapy: Targeted therapy uses drugs that specifically target cancer cells. Targeted therapy can be used alone or in combination with other treatments.
What is the prognosis for endometrial cancer?
The prognosis for endometrial cancer depends on the stage of the disease. The earlier the disease is diagnosed and treated, the better the prognosis.
The five-year survival rate for endometrial cancer is:
Stage I: 95%
Stage II: 80%
Stage III: 60%
Stage IV: 15%
How can I reduce my risk of endometrial cancer?
There are a number of things you can do to reduce your risk of endometrial cancer, including:
Maintaining a healthy weight: Women who are overweight or obese have a higher risk of endometrial cancer.
Eating a healthy diet: A diet that is high in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help to reduce your risk of endometrial cancer.
Exercising regularly: Exercise can help to reduce your risk of endometrial cancer.
Limiting alcohol intake: Drinking alcohol can increase your risk of endometrial cancer.
Not smoking: Smoking cigarettes can increase your risk of endometrial cancer.
Taking birth control pills: Birth control pills can help to reduce your risk of endometrial cancer.
Getting regular Pap smears: Pap smears can help to detect endometrial cancer early, when it is most treatable.
If you have any of the risk factors for endometrial cancer, talk to your doctor about ways to reduce your risk.
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