Beware of the Sequelae of Cesarean Section
Cesarean section (C-section) is a major surgical procedure that involves delivering a baby through an incision in the abdomen and uterus. While C-sections are sometimes necessary to protect the health of the mother or baby, they can also lead to a number of serious complications.
Short-term complications of C-section
The short-term complications of C-section can include:
Bleeding. C-sections can cause significant bleeding, which can lead to anemia and other complications.
Infection. The incision site can become infected, which can lead to fever, chills, and pain.
Blood clots. C-sections can increase the risk of blood clots in the legs and lungs.
Damage to the uterus or other organs. The surgeon may accidentally damage the uterus or other organs during a C-section.
Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy (CSEP). This is a rare but serious complication that occurs when a pregnancy implants in the scar from a previous C-section.
Long-term complications of C-section
The long-term complications of C-section can include:
Uterine rupture. This is a rare but serious complication that can occur during a subsequent pregnancy or labor. Uterine rupture can cause life-threatening bleeding and other complications.
Placenta previa. This is a condition in which the placenta implants in the lower part of the uterus, covering the cervix. Placenta previa can cause bleeding during pregnancy and labor.
Placental abruption. This is a condition in which the placenta separates from the uterus before the baby is born. Placental abruption can cause bleeding, pain, and fetal distress.
Preterm birth. Babies born by C-section are more likely to be born prematurely. Premature babies are at risk for a number of health problems, including respiratory problems, feeding difficulties, and developmental delays.
Low birth weight. Babies born by C-section are more likely to have a low birth weight. Low birth weight babies are at risk for a number of health problems, including respiratory problems, feeding difficulties, and developmental delays.
Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy (CSEP). CSEP is a rare but serious complication that occurs when a pregnancy implants in the scar from a previous C-section.
Increased risk of future C-sections. Women who have had a C-section are more likely to need a C-section in future pregnancies.
Cesarean delivery and breastfeeding
Cesarean delivery can also affect breastfeeding. Women who have had a C-section may have difficulty breastfeeding due to pain, discomfort, or other complications.
Cesarean delivery and future fertility
Cesarean delivery can also affect future fertility. Women who have had a C-section may be more likely to have difficulty getting pregnant again.
Cesarean delivery and mental health
Cesarean delivery can also have a negative impact on mental health. Women who have had a C-section may experience feelings of guilt, disappointment, or depression.
When is a C-section necessary?
C-sections are only necessary in about 10% of births. The most common reasons for a C-section include:
Breech presentation. This is a condition in which the baby is positioned upside down in the uterus.
Placenta previa. This is a condition in which the placenta implants in the lower part of the uterus, covering the cervix.
Placental abruption. This is a condition in which the placenta separates from the uterus before the baby is born.
Cord prolapse. This is a condition in which the umbilical cord falls out of the uterus before the baby is born.
Maternal health problems. Some maternal health problems, such as preeclampsia or eclampsia, can make a C-section necessary.
Fetal distress. If the baby is in distress, a C-section may be necessary to deliver the baby quickly.
Alternatives to C-section
In some cases, there may be alternatives to C-section. These alternatives include:
Vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC). VBAC is a vaginal birth after a previous C-section. VBAC is a safe option for many women who have had a C-section.
External cephalic version (ECV). ECV is a procedure that involves turning the baby from a breech position to a head-down position. ECV can be successful in about 50% of cases.
If you are considering a C-section, it is important to discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor. You should also ask about alternatives to C-section, such as VBAC or ECV.
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