What are the symptoms of prostatitis
Prostatitis is a condition that causes inflammation of the prostate gland. The prostate gland is a small organ located just below the bladder in men. It produces the fluid that nourishes and protects sperm.
Prostatitis can be acute or chronic. Acute prostatitis develops suddenly and causes severe symptoms. Chronic prostatitis develops gradually and causes milder symptoms that can last for months or even years.
Symptoms of acute prostatitis
The symptoms of acute prostatitis can include:
Chills
Fever
Painful urination
Frequent urination
Urgent urination
Difficulty urinating
Pain in the perineum (the area between the scrotum and the anus)
Pain in the lower back
Pain in the testicles
Discharge from the penis
Blood in the urine
Cloudy urine
Symptoms of chronic prostatitis
The symptoms of chronic prostatitis can include:
Painful urination
Frequent urination
Urgent urination
Difficulty urinating
Pain in the perineum
Pain in the lower back
Pain in the testicles
Discharge from the penis
Cloudy urine
Causes of prostatitis
The cause of prostatitis is not always known. However, some of the possible causes include:
Bacterial infection
Viral infection
Fungal infection
Trauma to the prostate gland
Surgery on the prostate gland
Catheterization (insertion of a tube into the urethra)
Age-related changes in the prostate gland
Risk factors for prostatitis
Some of the risk factors for prostatitis include:
Age: Men over the age of 50 are at an increased risk of prostatitis.
Race: African American men are at an increased risk of prostatitis.
Sexual activity: Men who have multiple sexual partners or who engage in unprotected sex are at an increased risk of prostatitis.
Prostate surgery: Men who have had prostate surgery are at an increased risk of prostatitis.
Catheterization: Men who have had a catheter inserted into the urethra are at an increased risk of prostatitis.
Diagnosis of prostatitis
The diagnosis of prostatitis is based on a physical examination and a review of the patient's symptoms. The doctor may also order one or more of the following tests:
Urinalysis: A urinalysis can help to identify bacteria or other abnormalities in the urine.
Urine culture: A urine culture can help to identify the type of bacteria that is causing the prostatitis.
Prostate exam: A prostate exam can help to identify any swelling or tenderness in the prostate gland.
Transrectal ultrasound: A transrectal ultrasound can help to create images of the prostate gland and surrounding tissues.
Treatment of prostatitis
The treatment of prostatitis depends on the type of prostatitis and the severity of the symptoms. Acute prostatitis is typically treated with antibiotics. Chronic prostatitis may be treated with antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medications, or surgery.
Prevention of prostatitis
There is no sure way to prevent prostatitis. However, some of the following measures may help to reduce the risk of developing prostatitis:
Practice safe sex.
Avoid using catheters.
Get regular prostate exams.
Eat a healthy diet.
Exercise regularly.
Manage stress.
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