Two Clinical Types of Dengue Fever
Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral infection that can cause a wide range of symptoms, from mild fever to severe, life-threatening complications. The virus is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito.
There are four different serotypes of the dengue virus, and each serotype can cause a different clinical presentation. The two most common clinical types of dengue fever are:
Dengue fever without warning signs
Dengue fever with warning signs
Dengue fever without warning signs
Dengue fever without warning signs is the most common clinical type of dengue fever. Symptoms typically develop within 4-10 days after being bitten by an infected mosquito. The symptoms of dengue fever without warning signs can include:
Fever
Headache
Muscle aches
Joint pain
Nausea
Vomiting
Rash
Fatigue
The symptoms of dengue fever without warning signs typically last for 2-7 days. Most people recover fully from dengue fever without warning signs without any complications.
Dengue fever with warning signs
Dengue fever with warning signs is a more severe form of dengue fever. Symptoms typically develop within 4-10 days after being bitten by an infected mosquito. The symptoms of dengue fever with warning signs can include:
Severe abdominal pain
Persistent vomiting
Bleeding from the nose, gums, or skin
Lethargy or restlessness
Liver enlargement
Fluid accumulation in the lungs or abdomen
The symptoms of dengue fever with warning signs can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. People with dengue fever with warning signs should seek medical attention immediately.
Treatment for dengue fever
There is no specific treatment for dengue fever. Treatment is supportive and aimed at relieving symptoms and preventing complications. Treatment may include:
Rest
Fluids
Pain relievers
Anti-nausea medication
Hospitalization for severe cases
Prevention of dengue fever
The best way to prevent dengue fever is to avoid being bitten by mosquitoes. Mosquitoes are most active during the early morning and evening hours. To avoid being bitten by mosquitoes, you should:
Wear long-sleeved shirts and pants when you are outdoors.
Use insect repellent containing DEET, picaridin, or IR3535.
Sleep under a mosquito net.
Empty standing water from around your home, where mosquitoes can breed.
If you are traveling to a country where dengue fever is common, you should take precautions to avoid being bitten by mosquitoes. You should also be aware of the symptoms of dengue fever and seek medical attention if you develop any of these symptoms.
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