How to Treat Acute Laryngitis in Children

Laryngitis is a common childhood illness that causes inflammation of the larynx, or voice box. This can lead to hoarseness, a loss of voice, and difficulty breathing. Acute laryngitis is usually caused by a virus, and it typically lasts for 3-7 days.

Symptoms of Acute Laryngitis

The symptoms of acute laryngitis can vary depending on the severity of the inflammation. Mild cases may only cause hoarseness or a slight loss of voice. More severe cases can cause difficulty breathing, which can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.

The most common symptoms of acute laryngitis include:

Hoarseness

Loss of voice

Sore throat

Difficulty swallowing

Cough

Fever

Chills

Headache

In severe cases, acute laryngitis can cause difficulty breathing. This may be accompanied by:

Stridor, a high-pitched whistling sound when breathing in

Cyanosis, a bluish tint to the skin, lips, or nail beds

Retractions, indrawing of the skin around the ribs or neck

Causes of Acute Laryngitis

Acute laryngitis is usually caused by a virus, such as the influenza virus or the parainfluenza virus. In some cases, it can also be caused by bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Other causes of acute laryngitis include:

Allergies

Irritants, such as smoke or dust

Overuse of the voice

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Treatment for Acute Laryngitis

There is no cure for acute laryngitis, but treatment can help to relieve symptoms and prevent complications. The treatment for acute laryngitis will depend on the severity of the inflammation.

Mild cases of acute laryngitis can usually be treated at home. Treatment may include:

Rest

Plenty of fluids

Warm salt water gargles

A humidifier to add moisture to the air

Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen

More severe cases of acute laryngitis may require medical treatment. Treatment may include:

Intravenous fluids

Oxygen therapy

Nebulizers

Antibiotics, if the infection is caused by bacteria

Surgery, in rare cases

Prevention of Acute Laryngitis

There is no sure way to prevent acute laryngitis, but there are some things you can do to reduce your child's risk of developing the condition. These include:

Avoiding exposure to sick people

Washing your hands frequently

Keeping your child's environment clean and free of irritants

Limiting your child's exposure to secondhand smoke

Encouraging your child to rest their voice

Treating any underlying conditions, such as allergies or GERD

When to Seek Medical Attention

Most cases of acute laryngitis are not serious and can be treated at home. However, you should seek medical attention if your child has any of the following symptoms:

Difficulty breathing

Stridor

Cyanosis

Retractions

Fever over 101 degrees Fahrenheit

Symptoms that do not improve after 3 days

Outlook for Acute Laryngitis

Most cases of acute laryngitis resolve within 3-7 days. In some cases, the condition may last for longer. The outlook for acute laryngitis is generally good, but it is important to seek medical attention if your child has any of the more serious symptoms.

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