What to do if your baby has oral thrush
Oral thrush is a common yeast infection of the mouth that can affect babies. It is caused by a type of fungus called Candida albicans. Oral thrush can cause white or yellow patches to form on the baby's tongue, gums, and inside of the cheeks. These patches can be painful and make it difficult for the baby to eat and drink.
Symptoms of oral thrush
The symptoms of oral thrush can vary depending on the severity of the infection. Some babies may only have a few white or yellow patches on their tongue, while others may have more extensive patches that cover the entire mouth. The patches may be accompanied by pain, redness, and swelling.
Other symptoms of oral thrush can include:
Fussiness
Difficulty eating or drinking
Failure to gain weight
Diaper rash
Causes of oral thrush
Oral thrush is caused by a type of fungus called Candida albicans. Candida is a normal inhabitant of the mouth, but it can sometimes overgrow and cause an infection. This can happen if the baby's immune system is weakened, such as during illness or after taking antibiotics.
Other factors that can increase the risk of oral thrush include:
Premature birth
Low birth weight
Use of a pacifier or bottle
Exposure to antibiotics or other medications
Diabetes
Treatment for oral thrush
Oral thrush is typically treated with antifungal medication. The medication can be given in the form of a liquid, gel, or tablet. The medication should be applied directly to the affected areas of the mouth.
The medication should be used for the full course of treatment, even if the symptoms improve. This will help to prevent the infection from coming back.
Prevention of oral thrush
There are a few things you can do to help prevent oral thrush in your baby:
Keep your baby's mouth clean. Wipe your baby's gums and tongue with a clean washcloth or gauze after each feeding.
Do not share utensils or cups with your baby.
If you are breastfeeding, treat any nipple infections promptly.
If your baby is taking antibiotics, ask your doctor about giving your baby a probiotic supplement.
When to call the doctor
Call your doctor if your baby has any of the following symptoms:
White or yellow patches in the mouth
Pain, redness, or swelling in the mouth
Difficulty eating or drinking
Failure to gain weight
Diaper rash
Outlook for oral thrush
Oral thrush is usually a mild infection that can be easily treated. However, it can be more serious in babies who have weakened immune systems. If your baby is not responding to treatment, or if the infection is severe, your doctor may recommend hospitalization.
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